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Storage

Storage classes, PersistentVolumes, and PersistentVolumeClaims

Overview

Kubernetes provides an abstraction for storage that enables decoupling storage from Pod lifecycle. This section covers storage concepts: StorageClasses, PersistentVolumes (PV), and PersistentVolumeClaims (PVC).

Storage Hierarchy

StorageClass (Storage Profile)

PersistentVolume (Cluster Resource)

PersistentVolumeClaim (User Request)

Pod (Uses PVC)

Study Path

  1. Storage Concepts - Understanding PV, PVC, StorageClass
  2. Storage Classes - Storage profiles and provisioning
  3. Persistent Volumes - Cluster storage resources
  4. Persistent Volume Claims - User storage requests

Storage Comparison

TypeScopeLifecycleUse Case
emptyDirPodDeleted with podTemporary storage, shared data
hostPathNodeManualNode access, testing
ConfigMapPodManagedConfiguration files
SecretPodManagedSensitive files
PVCNamespaceManagedPersistent data
PVClusterManagedStorage resources

Quick Reference

Common Commands

bash
# StorageClasses
kubectl get storageclasses
kubectl describe storageclass fast-ssd

# PersistentVolumes
kubectl get pv
kubectl describe pv pv-001

# PersistentVolumeClaims
kubectl get pvc
kubectl describe pvc data-pvc
kubectl delete pvc data-pvc

Storage in Pod

yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: storage-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: app
    image: nginx
    volumeMounts:
    - name: data-volume
      mountPath: /data
  volumes:
  - name: data-volume
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: data-pvc

Storage Modes

Access ModeDescription
ReadWriteOnceSingle node read-write (RWO)
ReadOnlyManyMultiple nodes read-only (ROX)
ReadWriteManyMultiple nodes read-write (RWX)
ReadWriteOncePodSingle pod read-write (RWX)

Reclaim Policies

PolicyDescription
RetainManual reclamation, data preserved
DeleteAutomatic deletion when PVC deleted
RecycleDeprecated: Runs rm -rf on volume

Next Steps

  1. Learn Storage Concepts: Storage Concepts
  2. Understand Storage Classes: Storage Classes
  3. Practice: Lab 04: Storage Labs

Continue Learning:

Return to: Key Concepts | Overview

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